What is the difference between stepper motor & servo motor?

A servo motor will rotate to an exact position, based on what it is being commanded to do. An example is the steering on a radio controlled car, where a servo is used to move the front wheels ‘to’ an exact angle.

A stepper motor will move forward or backwards one step, each time it is told to move. It will move as quickly as it is ‘stepped’ by its driver circuit.

The main difference is that you tell a servo where to be, but you tell a stepper motor how far to turn.

Generally a servo motor can only turn about 180 degrees, whilst a stepper motor can keep turning as many rotations as you tell it to, but you need to work out where it is.

So, on a model robot car, you could use a servo to steer the front wheels, and a stepper to drive the rear wheels.

Stepper motors are driven by turning coils on and off internal in the correct sequence (stepper motor drivers simplify this), whilst servo motors accept a pulse, and the width of the pulse tells the servo where to be - the following image from wikipedia.com:

A stepper motor works in open loop whereas servo works in close loop.Let understand in simple way.

You have 2 motor a stepper and a servo .assume both are pulse operated and makes 360 degrees rotation with 360 input pulses. Each pulse makes one degree rotation of motor shaft.

Case 1-stepper motor

We will provide 360 pulses but it is not possible to get 360 degrees rotation of motor shaft as there are will be loss during transfer of pulse(due to resistance like back emf , noise).this is why we will not get desired actuation. Output will always varies. So how to compensate this? And this is the idea behind develope servo motor.

Case 2-servo motor

Input -360 pulses , As we know o/p will varies. so shaft will make rotation less than 360 degrees. So rotation made by shaft count by encoder .encoder send this to controller and controller send required pulses through motion card and this process continue till required actuation is not achieved.

ENCODER-Encoder detects the position of the shaft .

In short I want to conclude that servo motor works with a encoder which makes it too much expensive but gives accuracy.

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